Prizes awarded to the LIGO org, so far
Prizes awarded to the LIGO org, so far
Since announcing detection of gravitational wave in February, the LIGO Org has received several prizes:
a. Special Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics - "The Special Breakthrough Prize can be awarded at any time in recognition of an exceptional scientific achievement. The $3 million prize will be shared as follows: the three LIGO founders -- Ronald W.P. Drever (Caltech); Kip S. Thorne (Caltech); and Rainer Weiss (MIT) -- will share $1 million; and the 1012 contributing scientists, engineers, and staff will share $2 million -
b. The 2016 Gruber Prize in Cosmology - Ronald W.P. Drever (Caltech), Kip S. Thorne (Caltech), and Rainer Weiss (MIT) will each receive a gold medal and will share a $500,000 award. The Prize citation reads: "The Gruber Foundation proudly presents the 2016 Cosmology Prize to Rainer Weiss, Kip Thorne, Ronald Drever, and the entire LIGO team for pursuing a vision to observe the universe in gravitational waves, leading to a first detection that emanated from the collision of two black holes. This remarkable event provided the first glimpse into the strong‐gravity regime of Einstein's theory of general relativity that governs the dynamics of black holes, giving direct evidence for their existence, and demonstrating that their nature is consistent with the predictions of general relativity." -
c. 天文學獎 平均頒予羅奈爾特.德雷弗 (Ronald W P Drever), 基普.索恩 (Kip S Thorne) 和雷納.韋斯 (Rainer Weiss)
There may be several more coming....and then the Nobel Prize
PTS
a. Special Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics - "The Special Breakthrough Prize can be awarded at any time in recognition of an exceptional scientific achievement. The $3 million prize will be shared as follows: the three LIGO founders -- Ronald W.P. Drever (Caltech); Kip S. Thorne (Caltech); and Rainer Weiss (MIT) -- will share $1 million; and the 1012 contributing scientists, engineers, and staff will share $2 million -
b. The 2016 Gruber Prize in Cosmology - Ronald W.P. Drever (Caltech), Kip S. Thorne (Caltech), and Rainer Weiss (MIT) will each receive a gold medal and will share a $500,000 award. The Prize citation reads: "The Gruber Foundation proudly presents the 2016 Cosmology Prize to Rainer Weiss, Kip Thorne, Ronald Drever, and the entire LIGO team for pursuing a vision to observe the universe in gravitational waves, leading to a first detection that emanated from the collision of two black holes. This remarkable event provided the first glimpse into the strong‐gravity regime of Einstein's theory of general relativity that governs the dynamics of black holes, giving direct evidence for their existence, and demonstrating that their nature is consistent with the predictions of general relativity." -
c. 天文學獎 平均頒予羅奈爾特.德雷弗 (Ronald W P Drever), 基普.索恩 (Kip S Thorne) 和雷納.韋斯 (Rainer Weiss)
There may be several more coming....and then the Nobel Prize
PTS
The LIGO setup is basically a huge Michelson Interferometer. Please read the following first, before reading on:MANDII 寫:這里有一點我致今未明白,曾經也看過一些資料性的報導,也看不懂它在說些什麼,就是如何測量出這空間被拉長這點我想不到,或且被縮短,變形扭曲。是該裝置變了還是空間變了?裝置變形我們常人很好理解得到,物件熱帳冷縮都有啦,可是空間變形這點就非常不好理解得到,更不好理解它是如何証實測量而做的這舉世驁人的偉大實驗了。
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michelson_interferometer
The gravitational wave resulting from the merger of the 2 blackholes will compress/relax the space. When this wave reached the Earth, the compression/relaxation will cause fringes in the LIGO interferometer, thus detecting the wave.
The significance of this experiment is the precision required. The compression/relaxation cause a very tiny change of 1 part in 10 to the power 23 (1 part in 100,000,000,000,000,000,000,000).
The LIGO setup has taken into consideration of all possible sources of error and 熱帳冷縮 is a simple problem. In order to ensure the STRAIGHTNESS of the optical paths, they have to take into consideration of the curvature of the 4km concrete structure caused by the curvature of the earth.
The Nobel prizes for 2016 will not be decided until later this year, but I am pretty sure the LIGO team is the first pick.
pts
Thank you .
You mean this particular wave can change the space ( compress /relax) . And this experiment LIGO (the two huge arms ) can detect this wave , by looking at some light fringes of the wave , and measuring it's tremendously tiny difference throughout the experiment .Light and wave is same thing or having same nature as we knew . And talking about the idea of the experiment setup as I read the article you quoted above , basically this experiment aims by splitting the light beam of this wave ,and measure something different in the light fringe pattern ...
However , I am eager to know and to feel the change of space ... What does this means when the space is changed .
if so , talking about this LIGO, this is just a device to detect the existence of the wave , this particular wave . But it's not proving the changes of space . How can we know the space is changed from this LIGO ??? We heard and knew from relativity theory that the space can be changed by this wave . But how to prove it ? How do we know the space is become bigger or smaller as the wave comes by .
You mean this particular wave can change the space ( compress /relax) . And this experiment LIGO (the two huge arms ) can detect this wave , by looking at some light fringes of the wave , and measuring it's tremendously tiny difference throughout the experiment .Light and wave is same thing or having same nature as we knew . And talking about the idea of the experiment setup as I read the article you quoted above , basically this experiment aims by splitting the light beam of this wave ,and measure something different in the light fringe pattern ...
However , I am eager to know and to feel the change of space ... What does this means when the space is changed .
if so , talking about this LIGO, this is just a device to detect the existence of the wave , this particular wave . But it's not proving the changes of space . How can we know the space is changed from this LIGO ??? We heard and knew from relativity theory that the space can be changed by this wave . But how to prove it ? How do we know the space is become bigger or smaller as the wave comes by .
If you have read and understand the working of the Michelson interferometer, you should know the 2 arms should be of exactly the same length (I mean the distance between the 2 mirrors of each arm) such that the 2 light beams (usually monochromatic) will interfere with each other. If the 2 optical paths are exactly of the same length or differ by exact number of waves, the 2 beams will be in constructive interference. If the path difference is otherwise, fringes will be formed. The pattern of fringes will depend on the amount of path difference, in terms of wavelength of the light beam.MANDII 寫:Thank you .
You mean this particular wave can change the space ( compress /relax) . And this experiment LIGO (the two huge arms ) can detect this wave , by looking at some light fringes of the wave , and measuring it's tremendously tiny difference throughout the experiment .Light and wave is same thing or having same nature as we knew . And talking about the idea of the experiment setup as I read the article you quoted above , basically this experiment aims by splitting the light beam of this wave ,and measure something different in the light fringe pattern ...
However , I am eager to know and to feel the change of space ... What does this means when the space is changed .
if so , talking about this LIGO, this is just a device to detect the existence of the wave , this particular wave . But it's not proving the changes of space . How can we know the space is changed from this LIGO ??? We heard and knew from relativity theory that the space can be changed by this wave . But how to prove it ? How do we know the space is become bigger or smaller as the wave comes by .
In the LIGO setup, the 2 optical paths are kept at exact lengths accurate to 1/100 wavelength (you should now appreciate the difficulty in maintaining such accuracy over an optical length of 4 km).
When the Earth experiences gravitational wave, it is compressed and relaxed and thus the 4 km optical length will be changed. As the 2 optical paths are at 90 degrees, the compression/relaxation will result differently depending on the direction of the gravitational wave. If the gravitational wave comes along the direction of one arm, only this arm will be compressed/relaxed while there will be no change in the other (this is just an imaginary situation, in reality, both arm will be affected).
As I pointed out previously, this compression/relaxation will just make a change of 4000/100000000000000000000000 km. This tiny change is very difficult to measure, even using the interference method.
pts
PTS 寫:If you have read and understand the working of the Michelson interferometer, you should know the 2 arms should be of exactly the same length (I mean the distance between the 2 mirrors of each arm) such that the 2 light beams (usually monochromatic) will interfere with each other. If the 2 optical paths are exactly of the same length or differ by exact number of waves, the 2 beams will be in constructive interference. If the path difference is otherwise, fringes will be formed. The pattern of fringes will depend on the amount of path difference, in terms of wavelength of the light beam.MANDII 寫:Thank you .
You mean this particular wave can change the space ( compress /relax) . And this experiment LIGO (the two huge arms ) can detect this wave , by looking at some light fringes of the wave , and measuring it's tremendously tiny difference throughout the experiment .Light and wave is same thing or having same nature as we knew . And talking about the idea of the experiment setup as I read the article you quoted above , basically this experiment aims by splitting the light beam of this wave ,and measure something different in the light fringe pattern ...
However , I am eager to know and to feel the change of space ... What does this means when the space is changed .
if so , talking about this LIGO, this is just a device to detect the existence of the wave , this particular wave . But it's not proving the changes of space . How can we know the space is changed from this LIGO ??? We heard and knew from relativity theory that the space can be changed by this wave . But how to prove it ? How do we know the space is become bigger or smaller as the wave comes by .
In the LIGO setup, the 2 optical paths are kept at exact lengths accurate to 1/100 wavelength (you should now appreciate the difficulty in maintaining such accuracy over an optical length of 4 km).
When the Earth experiences gravitational wave, it is compressed and relaxed and thus the 4 km optical length will be changed. As the 2 optical paths are at 90 degrees, the compression/relaxation will result differently depending on the direction of the gravitational wave. If the gravitational wave comes along the direction of one arm, only this arm will be compressed/relaxed while there will be no change in the other (this is just an imaginary situation, in reality, both arm will be affected).
As I pointed out previously, this compression/relaxation will just make a change of 4000/100000000000000000000000 km. This tiny change is very difficult to measure, even using the interference method.
pts
Very good and sharp explanation of this experimental principle . Now I can understand much more about how we know the space in America land of the two arms is changed at that important moment .
Light and space it's talking about actually . Not the physical length and dimension of the arm as I was thinking about .Thought we can't see the space is change but we can see the light is changed . If the light path change in length , it means the space is changed in length as well , or say the space compression or relaxation . Because the light is the fastest thing in the space , it's speed is same in any space no matter the space is compressed or relaxed . So if the light path length becomes longer , meaning the space becomes longer , or bigger ,something like that .
Optic path of fixed 4km length in usual earth condition . When gravity wave come occasionally , this two light beam and it's light path changes in tiny length , and see the fringes image . If no change in path length as usual time ,then no fringes is seen .
I can feel the space is changed now , through this great experiment . Thank you so much :>
WFPC2 寫:除了重力波的發現,其他諸如引力透镜現像,地球的重力時間遲
滞效應,事實上全球定位系统技術GPS也考慮了此效才能運作,
顯示廣義相對論的威力之大,它到目前仍然是可信的。
既然廣義相對論在近九十多年來都不斷通過實驗的驗證,
為甚麼不相信相對論,重力波會令空間發生波動呢?
數十年前歐洲多個的反猶太人主義非常激烈,愛因斯坦的
理論遭到貶抑,相關的作者更出版了一百個反相對論烈士
之著作。
愛因斯坦說道:若我是錯的,一個人反對我就夠了。
WFPC2 寫:科學家相信相對論當然不是基於個人主義或民族主義,而是客觀的
科學證據,反相對論的言論也是基於科學證據或是合理的思考
實驗。
愛因斯嘅相對論咁成功,而且通過咗咁多次實驗證明係岩嘅,
想挑戰佢都唔係咁容易。
若果只係一味反對又攞唔出理由同證據,都只係淪為空想同空話罷了。
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